Evidence suggests that Rocca Corneta has existed since the middle ages. The town is located in the natural boundaries between the cities of Bologna and Modena.
For centuries the people of these two towns fought for this territory. After the longobard dominion, Carlo Magno gave Rocca Corneta to the monastery of S. Pietro of Modena, under the control of the Nonantola Abbey.
For the longest part of its history, the town remained under the influence and control of the local church.
During the 12th century, Rocca Corneta was established as a municipality together with Lizzano Matto, Belvedere and Monteacuto.
Because of its fortress, which still exists today, it was truly impregnable. In 1500, Pope Leone X gave the county to the Castelli family, but later, Pope Clemente VII revoked the transfer.
In 1810, Rocca Corneta incorporated the municipality of Belvedere. During the second world war, the Riva mountains witnessed for many months onslaught of battle.
Rocca Corneta suffered great damage and the local church was basically destroyed. Nonetheless, Rocca Corneta maintained its agricultural features and these remain today thanks to the uncontaminated environment and the simplicity and cordiality of the people.